Abstract：Objective To investigate the correlation between the molecular expression of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and insulin sensitivity in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS). Methods Sixty PCOS patients who visited our hospital from January 2024 to January 2025 were selected as the PCOS group,and 30 healthy women who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group.The differences in the protein and mRNA expression levels of key molecules in the PI3K/AKT pathway(PI3K,AKT,insulin receptor substrate-1(IRS-1),and GLUT4) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were detected and compared between the two groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the molecular expression level of the PI3K/AKT pathway and insulin sensitivity indicators. Results Patients in the PCOS group had higher FBG,2hPG,FINS,and HOMA-IR than the control group,while their ISI and glucose uptake were lower(P<0.05).The protein and mRNA expression levels of PI3K,AKT,IRS-1,and GLUT4 in the PCOS group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The protein and mRNA expression levels of PI3K,AKT,IRS-1,and GLUT4 were positively correlated with glucose uptake and ISI(P<0.05),and negatively correlated with HOMA-IR(P<0.05). Conclusion Downregulation of PI3K/AKT pathway molecules in ovarian granulosa cells of PCOS patients is closely related to insulin resistance.
2026, Vol. 46 
